MA - Communication & Journalism

Scheme Of Examination

Note: * Students are required to choose one Optional Paper wherever it is offered.

SEMESTER - I

Paper 1.1 – Introduction to Journalism & Communication

Definition, Nature and Scope of Journalism – Qualifications, Duties and Responsibilities of Journalists – Journalism as a profession  – Media and Society. Characteristics of Mass Media: Newspaper, Magazine, Radio, TV, Cinema, Folk Media.
Journalistic Terminologies – Four theories of press – professional organizations; ABC, INS, AFWF, AINEC, Karnataka Media Academy.
Journalistic writing, characteristics and types – news, features, articles, editorials, columns, letters to the editors & review.
Definition – meaning, nature and scope of communication – functions of communication – types of communication, inter personal, group communication and mass communication – verbal and non-verbal communication.
Code of ethics for media – brief introduction to recent trends in mass media; Cultural imperialism, Infotainment, media activism, agenda setting, gate keeping, page 3 journalism.

Books for References:
Beyond Those Headlines – Ed. By M. V. Desai and Seventi Ninan, Media Foundation, Allied Publishers Ltd.
Mass Communication and Journalism in India – D S Mehta
Mass Communication – A Critical analysis – Keval J Kumar
Indian Journalism – B. G. Varghese
Professional Journalism – M. V. Kamat
Mass Communication in India – Kevak J Kumar
Theory and Practice of Journalism – B. N. Ahuja
Professional Journalist – John Hohenberg
Advanced Journalism – Adardh Kumar Verma
Exploring Journalism – Wolseley and Campbell
Mass Communication – Wilbur Schram
Understanding Media – Mardhall Mc luhan
Theories of Mass Communication – Uma Narula
Folk Media for Development – N. Usha Rani
Theory & Practice of Journalism – B M Ahuja

Paper 1.2 (a) – Comparative Journalism (Optional)

Development of Newspaper and Periodicals in USA – Milestones in the history of American Journalism; Development of British Newspapers and Magazines – Milestones in the history of British journalism.
History of Journalism in India – Early Newspapers; Contribution of English Language Press to Freedom Struggle; Regional Language Press and Freedom Struggle.
Profile of Newspapers; Indian Express, Statesmen, The Hindu, Hindustan times, Times of India, Free Press Journal, National Herald, Anand Bazar Patrika, Amrita Bazar Patrika, The Tribune.
History of Kannada Journalism – Kannada Press in Pre - Independent India; Profile of Prominent Newspapers of Kannada.
Small Newspapers – Problems and Prospects; Press Commissions and Press Committees.

Books for Reference:

1. Indian Journalism – Nadig Krishnamurthy
2. History of Indian journalism – S. Natarajan
3. A History of the Press in India – S. Natarajan
4. Journalism in India – Rangaswami – Bhargava
5. American Journalism – Frank Luther Mott
6. The Press in America – Edwin Emery
7. March of Journalism – Harold Herd
8. Role of the Press Laws and Communication – B. N. Ahuja
9. History of Press, Press Laws and Communication – B. N. Ahuja
10. The World’s Greatest Dailies – Merill and Fishes
11. Freedom Movement and the Press – The Role of Hindi Newspaper – M. Gopal
12. History of Indian Press: Growth of newspapers in India – B. N. Ahuja
    

Paper 1.2 (b) – Folk Media Communication (Optional)

Origin and meaning of the concept ‘ folk media’ – characteristics of folk media – relevance of folk media in modern society.
Classification of folk media forms, important folk media forms in India – Folk songs, Folk dances, Folk theatre, Folk tales, Folk games and street plays.
Popular folks arts in Karnataka and their use in development communication: Yakshagana, Harikathe, Puppetry, Gee Gee & religious folk songs Dollu kunitha, Veeragase, Kamsale.
Popular folk media forms of Andra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Maharastra, Punjab.
Integrated use of Folk Media and Mass Media –  role of government agencies like Song and Drama Division, Information and Publicity Department, Yakshagana Academy, prominent folk artists.

Books for References:
1.      Folk Media For Development – Dr. N. Usha Rani
2.      Folk Media & Communication – Ranganath H.K.
3.      Traditional Folk Songs – Shyam Parmar
4.      Folk Arts And Social Communication – Durgadas Mukhopadhya
5.      Role Of Traditional Folk Media In Rural India – N. Vijaya
6.      Folk Theatre In India – Gargi Balawant
7.      The Indian Theatre – Mulk Raj Anand
8.      Complete Book On Puppetry In India – Curre D.
9.      The Passing Of Traditional Society – Daniel Lerner
10.    Traditional Folk Media In India – Shyam Parmar

Paper 1.2 (c) – Survey of Kannada Journalism (Optional)

Genesis of Kannada press – Role of Kannada press in the freedom movement – Role of the Kannada press in the formation of Karnataka – Kannada press after independence.
Eminent personalities of Kannada press – Harman Moghley, Venkata Krishnaiah. D.V.Gundappa, P.R. Ramaiah, Siddavanahalli Krishna Sharma, Mohare Hanumantha Rao, Agaram Rangaiah, Kadengodlu Shankarabhatt, Nanjangudu Tirumalamba, T.T. Sharma, T.S.Ramachandra Rao, Khadri Shamanna, YNKrishnamurthy, P. Lankesh.
History of leading Kannada newspapers and magazines – Prajavani, Kannadaprabha, Samyuktha Karnataka, Udayavani, Vijayakarnataka, Sudha, Karmaveera, Taranga, Mayura, Kasturi, Mallige, Prapancha, Kannadamma.
Special Interest Magazines in Kannada – Women, Children’s, Humour, Art & Culture, Literature and Film.
Contemporary issues in Kannada journalism – price war, tabloid journalism, e-papers, small newspaper committees, Kannada web journals, Kannada news agencies – future of Kannada journalism.

Books for Reference:
History of Indian Press – Growth of Newspaper in India, Surjith Publications, New Delhi (1988) - Ahuja B. N.
Role of Press in the Freedom Movement, Reliance, New Delhi (1987) - Motilal Bhargava
The Press in India, National Book Trust, New Delhi (1974) - Chalapati Rao M.
Indian Journalism, Prasaranga, Mysore University, Mysore (1966) - Nadig Krishnamurthy
Freedom Movement and The Press, Criterion Publications, New Delhi (1990) - Madan Gopal
‘Kannadadalli Kale Sahityaka Patrikegalu’ - Niranjana Vanalli
‘Karnataka Patrika Ethihasa’ (History of Karnataka Press) Vol. I, II, III, IV - Karnataka Press Academy

Paper 1.3 – Reporting

Meaning and Nature of Reporting – Qualifications & duties of a Reporter, Basics of Reporting – Process of Accreditation from Central and State Governments – Privileges given to Reporters by the Government.
News; Definition, Elements, Sources and Types – Structure of News – Format of News Writing; Lead and Body – Types of Lead.
Techniques of Reporting – Tools of News Gathering – Interview – Types and Techniques
Reporting Crime – Speech – Sports – Foreign – Accidents – Budget – Development; Reporting Executive – Legislature – Judiciary; Investigative Reporting – History – Case Studies – Techniques – Problems.
Objectivity in Reporting – Advocacy Reporting; Community Reporting – Panchayat Raj Reporting – Reporting for Local Newspapers

Books for Reference:
News Reporting – B. N. Ahuja and S. S. Chhabra
News Writing and Reporting – Mames M Neal and Suzanne S Brown
Investigative Reporting and Editing – P. N. Williams
Reporting for the Print Media – F. Fedler
Reporting – Mitchell V Charnley
Depth Reporting – Neal Copple
Interpretive Reporting – D. D. Mach Dougal
Writing for the Mass Media – James Glen Stevall
Journalism – G. K. Puri
Journalists Hand Book – M. V. Kanath
Professional Journalism =- M. V. Kamath
Reporting India 1973, 1974, 1976 – G. G. Mirchandani
Dateline Bhopal: A Newsman’s Dairy of the Gas Disaster – A. Chishti
News Reporting and Editing – K. M. Srivastava

Paper 1.4 – Editing

Newsroom Organization – Small, Medium, and Big Daily – Editorial Staff Pattern; Role and Functions of the Editor, Chief Sub-Editor, Sub-Editors, News Editors and Staff.
Principles of Editing – Rewriting different copies – Computer Editing – Style Sheet.
Techniques of Headline Writing – News and Feature Headlines – types and Functions of Headlines.
Editorials – Function, Principles, Types; Letters to the Editor.
Newspaper Design and Layout – Design of inside pages; Forms of Design, Latest trends of Layout; Picture Editing and Caption Writing; Comparative study of Newspaper Makeup, Computer Page Makeup; Principle & Techniques of Page Makeup – Practicals.

Books for Reference:

• News Editing – Bruce II Westley
• The Art of Editing – P.K. Baskette and Jiz Sissors
• The Sub-Editor’s Companion – Michael Hides
• The Simple Sub’s Book – Lealie Sellers
• The Techniques of Clear Writing – Robert Gunning
• Handling Newspaper Text – Harold Evans
• Newspaper Design – Harold Evans
• News Headlines – Harold Evans
• Elements of Newspaper Design – Ames
• News Reporting and Editing – K. M. Srivastava

Paper 1.5 – Practicals (Papers 1.3 and 1.4)

Practical syllabus for Paper 1.3 – Reporting (Marks 40+10)

1. Provide content for preparing news reports on various topics viz., crime, sports, accidents, and politics.
2. Preparing Budget Report.
3. Writing Obituary.
4. Interview personalities and prepare reports.
5. Prepare list of questions for interview.

Practical syllabus for Paper 1.4 – Editing (Marks 40+10)

1. Headline writing.
2. Rewriting stories.
3. Translation of News reports.
4. Newspaper page-makeup.
5. Style sheet.
6. Computer page makeup.

SEMESTER – II

Paper 2.1 – Feature Journalism

1. Feature:  Definition and Characteristics – Feature Styles – Structure of a Feature – Story, Types of Feature.
2. Writing Feature – Sources of Ideas – Collection of materials; Presentations; Market for features; Feature Syndicates.
3. Freelancing – Illustrations – Illustrating the write-ups with photographs, drawings, maps, caricatures.
4. Review:  Definition, Types of reviews – Book review, Film review, Drama review –Difference between review and criticism, Columns:  Characteristics, Techniques of Writing Columns, Types of Column, Columnists.
5. Magazine Journalism:  Nature, Importance, Functions, Techniques – Specialized Publication, Types of Magazine – Writing for women and children, Writing on Industry, Science and Technology, Sports, Agriculture, Films.  Typography; Layout and Design of Features, Trends, Future of Magazines.

Books for Reference:

1. How to Criticize books- O Hinkle and J Henry
2. Effective Feature Writing – C A Sheenfeld
3. Modern Feature Writing – H F Harrington and Elme Scott Watson
4. Writing Feature Articles – A Practical Guide to methods and Markets – hennessy
5. Before My Eyes: Film Criticism and Comment – Kauffmann
6. Beyond the Facts – A Guide to the Art of Feature Writing
7. Freelancing – R K Murthy
8. Suddiyashte Alla – Niranjana Vanalli
   

Paper 2.2 (a) – Advertising (Optional)

1. Origin and Development of Advertising in the World and in India - Advertising, Definition, Nature and Scope, Advertising and Society, Types of Advertising.
2. Advertising and Propaganda, Publicity and PR – Advertising Agency; History, Structure, Organization, Functions, Commission System.
3. Ad. Copy, Visualization, Layout, Principles, Characteristics, Types and Strategies, Advertising media, Newspapers, Magazines, Radio, TV, Outdoor, Direct Mail Order.
4. Brand Positioning – Media Planning, USP, Selection of Time and Space in Print and Electronic Media – Scheduling Advertisements – Ad. Campaign, Process, Strategies, Concepts and Principles of Marketing.
5. Economic, Social, Cultural, Psychological and Ethical aspects of Advertising – Ad. Research; Techniques of pre-test and Post-test, Consumer behaviour, Process of Market research.

Books for Reference:

1. Essential of Advertising – Chandan Singh and Malhan
2. Advertising Procedure – Otto Kleppner
3. Ogilvy in Advertising – David Ogilvy
4. Advertising Principles and Practice – Sethia and Chunawalla
5. Brand Positioning – Sengupta Subroto, Tata Mac Graw Hill Publishing Company
6. Advertising – Ahuja and Chhabra
7. Ad. Worlds – Brand Media and Audiences – Meyers, Greg
8. Broadcast Advertising – Sheriyl K Ziegler and Herbert H Howard

Paper 2.2 (b) – Corporate Communications (Optional)

1. Corporate Communication; Concept, Definition, Nature, Scope – Functions of PR – Role of PR as an effective means of organizational and social communication – Historical perspective of PR – Differentiation between Corporate Communication and Publicity, Propaganda, Advertising and Lobbying.
2. Corporate Communication Publics; Internal and External, Corporate Communication Process; Four stages of Corporate Communication – Corporate Communication Consultancy and Counseling.
3. Tools of Corporate Communication; House Journals, Press Release, Press Conference, Planned Tours, Brochures, Posters, Open House, Exhibitions, Audio-Visual Aid, TV, Film, Radio, Video and Demonstrations.
4. Corporate Communication and Management; Employee Relations, Financial Relations, Consumer Relations, Media Relations, Corporate Communication in Crisis Management, Case Studies.
5. Govt. Corporate Communication – Indian Information Service; Ministry of Information and Broadcasting; Genesis and Growth of media units in Central Govt. – Corporate Communication Research and Evaluation of Corporate Communication Programmes.  Event Management – Process & Techniques.

Books for Reference:

1. Handbook of PR in India – D S Mehta
2. Public Relations – Ahuja and Chhabra
3. Public Relations in India – J M Kaul
4. The Challenge of PR – C K Sardana
5. Practical Public Relations – Sam Black
6. Lectures on Applied Public Relations – K R Balan
7. PR – A Scientific Approach – Baldeo Sahai
8. PR – What Research Tells Us – John Pavlik
9. The Practical Handbook of PR – Robert S Cole
10. Effective Public Relations – Cutlip & Centre
11. Handbook of Public Relations – Ravindran
12. Public Relations – Ahuja & Chandra
13. Handbook of PR in India – D S Mehta
14. Public Relations – Strategies & Tactics
15. Public Relations in India – Kaul J M

Paper 2.2 (c) – Photo Journalism  (Optional)

1. Photo Journalism:  History of Photography and Photo Journalism.
2. Photo Journalism:  Definition, Nature, Scope and Functions of Photo Journalism – Qualification and Responsibilities of Photo Journalists, News Photographers and News Value, Types and Sources.
3. Selection, Criteria for News Photographs – Channels of News Pictures – viz., Wire, Satellite, Agency, Stock, Picture Library, Freelancer, Photo Editing, Caption Writing, Photo – presentation.
4. Legal and Ethical aspects of Photography – Professional Organizations – Camera – Components and Types of Camera, Types of Lens, Types of Films, Types of Filters – Importance of Light and Lighting Equipments – Camera Accessories – Picture appreciation.
5. Digital Camera – Digital Technology and its future – Darkroom Infrastructure – Film developing and Printing.

Books for Reference:

1. Basic Photography – Newnes
2. The Hanlyn Basic Guide to Photography – Hamlyn
3. Hamlyn Encyclopedia of Photography – Hamyln
4. History of Photography – Cyernshem G R
5. Photo Journalism – Rothsteline
6. Techniques of Photo Journalism – Milten Feinberg
7. Photo Journalism Manual – Bergin
8. Picture Editing – Stanley E Kalish and Clifton C Edom
9. News Photography – Jack Price
10. 1000 Ideas for better News Picture – High Sidley and Rodney Fox
11. Press Photography – Rnede and Mc Cal
12. The Story of Photography – Longford
13. Pictures on a Page:  Photo Journalism, Graphic and Picture Editing – Evans
14. Photo Journalism:  The Professional’s Approach – Kebre
15. Newspaper Photography:  A Professional View of Photo Journalism today – John
16. Freelance Photographer’s Handbook – Bedin
17. Practical Composition in Photography – Bruck
18. Photographic Color Printing:  Theory and Technique – Current
19. A Short History of Press Photography – Tausk

Paper 2.3 – Principles of Communication

Communication; Definition, Nature and Scope of Communication – Sociological and Psychological aspects of Communication – Kinds of Communication; Intra-personal, Inter-personal, Group and Mass Communication, Verbal and Non – verbal Communication.
Diffusion process; One step, Two step, Multi step flow of Communication.
Communication models; Definition, Scope and Purpose of Models; Shannon and Weaver, Lasswell, Cagood and Schramm, Dance’s Helical Model, Spiral Model, Reley and Riley Model, New Comb’s ABX Model and Gerbner’s Model, Diffusion of Innovation Model.
Communication Theories; Cognitive Dissonance, Selective Exposure, Perception and Retention, Uses and Gratification Approach, Cultivation Approach, Marxist and Neo-Marxist Approaches.
Traditional Media; Definition, Nature and Scope – Characteristics of Folk Media – Types of Folk Media; Folk Songs, Folk Dances, Folk Theatre – Improvisation of Folk form of Communication.

Books for References:

1. Mass Media and National Development – Wilbur Schramm
2. Passing of Traditional Society – Daniel Lerner
3. Communication and Development; A Critical Perspective – Evert M Rogers
4. Communication Theories, Origin, Methods, Uses – Werner Severin J and James W Tankard Jr., Longman Publications, 1988
5. Communication models for the study of Mass Communication – Denis Mc Quail and S. Ven Windah, Longman, Singapore Publications, 1981
6. Theories of Mass Communication – Melvin L Defluer and Sandra J Ball, Longman Publications
7. Communication for Development in the Third World – Srinivas R Melkote, Sage Publications, New Delhi, 1991
8. Diffusion of innovations – Evert M Rogers
9. Theories of Mass Communication – Uma Narula
10. Folk Media for Development – N Usha Rani
11. Mc Quali’s Mass Communication Theory – Denis Mc Quail, Sage Publications
12. Mass Communicaiton Theory – Stanley J Baran & Dennis K Davis
13. Speech Communicaiton – William D Brooks

Paper 2.4 – Newspaper Business Management

Management Concept and its Application in Newspaper Organization – Organization Setup of a Newspaper.
Newspaper Registration, Types of Ownership Patterns and Operation, Merits and Demerits – Small Newspaper – Problems and Prospects.
Factors Affecting Newspaper Production – Newspaper Economics:  Finance, Revenue, Expenditure, Raw Materials, Purchase of Machinery.
Circulation, Management, Promotion and Problems of Circulation, Status and Working Conditions of Newspaper Employees.
Housing & Arranging the Newspaper Production Plant – Problems, Financial & Legal Issues. 

Books for Reference:
Law and the Media – An Everyday Guide for Professionals – Crone
Newspaper Management in the New Multi-Media Age – Mehre
Managing Electronic Media – Czech Beckerman
Newspaper Organization and Management – Herbert Lee Williams
Electronic Media Management – Mocavatt and Pringle
Media and Communication Managemant – C R Rayudu
Management Principles and Practice – S B Banerjee
Management:  An Integrated Approach – Edited by R S Dwivedi, Nahal Publishing House
Management Principles and Practice – Dalton E Mac Forland
Communication and Management – Nataraja Kumar, Gyan Publishing House

Paper 2.5 – Practicals (Papers 2.1 and 2.2)

Practical Syllabus for Paper 2.1 – Feature Journalism (Marks 40 + 10)

Feature Writing
Article Writing
Editorial Writing
Column Writing
Letter to the Editor
Translation
Analytical News Writing (News Analysis)
Review Writing
Film Reviews
Drama Reviews
Art Reviews

Practical Syllabus for Paper 2.2 - Advertising/Corporate Communications/Photo Journalism (Marks 40 + 10)

Practical Syllabus for Paper 2.2 (a) – Advertising (Marks 40 + 10)
Market Survey of a Consumer Product.
Preparing a print Advertisement for a new product incorporating basic elements.
Analysis of Advertisements in various publications (Space, Types of Ads in various publications)
Practical Syllabus for Paper 2.2 (b) – Corporate Communications (Marks 40 + 10)
Preparing a Press handout based on Company announcements/Annual Reports/Background Materials.
Analyzing Corporate Communication Activities of various organizations (A Student would visit one organization, collect information about its PR activities and present a report).
Analysis of the content of a house journal.
Preparing the blue print of a house journal.
Preparing press kit.
Practical Syllabus for Paper 2.2 (c) – Photo Journalism (Marks 40 + 10)
Photographing News Events.
Photographing Accidents.
Photographing Cultural Events.
Photographing Human Interests Stories.
Developing the Negatives.
Printing the Negatives.

SEMESTER – III

Paper 3.1 – Media Law

1. Indian Constitution – Salient Features of Indian Constitution, Fundamental Rights, Fundamental Duties.
2. Freedom of Speech and Expression with Special Reference to Freedom of Press in India – Constitutional expectations to Freedom of the Press, Case Studies, Law of Defamation, Sedition, Obscenity.
3. The Censorship – The Law of Parliamentary Privileges.
4. Right to Information – Right to Privacy, Case Studies – The Official Secrets Act 1923, The Copyright Act, The Press-Media council, The Contempt of Court Act, The Press and Registration of Book Act, Working Journalist Act, Rules of Newspaper Registration.
5. Press Commission – Laws relating to Broadcasting – Telecasting and Advertisement in India.

Books for Reference:

1. Law and the Media – An Everyday Guide for Professionals – Crone
2. Media and Ethics – S K Aggarwal
3. Mass Media Laws and Regulations in India – K S Venkataramaiah
4. Press and the Law – An Grover
5. Press in Chains – Zamir Naizi
6. Freedom of the Press – Some Recent Incidents – K S Venkataramaiah
7. Mass Media and Freedom of Press in India – K S Padhy
8. Battle for Freedom of Press in India – K S Padhy
9. Laws of Press in India – B Basu
10. The Press Council – T N Trekha

3.2  (a) – Film Appreciation (Optional)

Film – Nature of Films; Type of Films – Feature Film – Documentary Films – Short Films & Art Films.    
History of Cinema; World, Indian & Kannada Cinema;  Film Certification Guidelines.
Principles of Film Composition – Impact of Art, Theatre, Painting, Music & Literature.
Context of Film Culture in India – Film Personalities; Satyajit Ray, Mrinal Sen, Ritwik Ghatake, V Shantharam, Gurudath, Puttanna Kanagal, Girish Kasaravalli, Adoor Gopalakrishna, Aravindan & K Balachandar; Film Societies in India.
Review & Criticism; Principles & Techniques – Film Criticism – Film Magazines, Film Supplements.

Book for Reference:

1. Beginner’s Guide to Super 8 Film Making                                    Frank Arrowsmith
2. Cine Art & Film Craft                                                                     Capt. M D Shinde       
3. ¹¤ªÀiÁ                                                                       Vjñï PÁ¸ÀgÀªÀ½î
4. Roberto Rossellini                                                                        Peter Brunette
5. The Short Fiction Scenario                                                           S M Eisenstein
6. ¹¤ªÀiÁzÀ AiÀÄAvÀæ ¨sÁµÉ                            PÉ « ¸ÀħâtÚ
7. ¹¤ªÀiÁzÀ zÀÆgÀ avÀæ ¸À«ÄÃ¥À avÀæUÀ¼ÀÄ      PÉ « ¸ÀħâtÚ
8. Cinema & I                                                                                    Ritwik Ghatak
9. History of the Movies                                                                     Edward F Dolan Jr.
10. The Story of Cinema                                                                     David Shipman
11. Indian Film                                                                                     Krishna Swamy
12. Encyclopedia of Indian Cinema                                                    Rajyadhyaballaa
13. 75 Years if Indian Cinema                                                             Aruna Vasudeva

Paper 3.2 (b) – Magazine Journalism (Optional)

1. Magazines as a medium of Communication – Origin & Growth of Magazine – Difference between Magazine and Newspapers – Characteristics of Magazine – Types of Magazine – Weeklies, Fortnightlies and Monthlies – Special interest & general interest Magazines - Structure and Organization of Magazines – Editor’s role & responsibilities – Planning & Scheduling magazines – Magazine sub-editor.
2. Designing Magazines – Principles of page makeup – Contents & its Visualization – Types of paper used for printing magazines, marketing magazines. 
3. Leading Magazines in India – India Today. Front Line, The Week, Reader’s Digest – Magazine supplements of major daily newspaper; Times of India, The Hindu, The New Indian Express, Saaptahika Puravani, Saaptahika Udayavani, Saaptahika Vijaya.
4. Writing for magazines; writing for general interest magazines, and special interest magazines- Freelancing for magazines – creative writing for magazines.
5. Writing film reviews, film reviews, film interviews, film articles, film columns, profiles of film personalities, film festival – Indian and international – film magazines in India – film supplements of daily news papers and film page/ section in general magazine.

Books for Reference:

Writing for Magazines – Land E Mysick
Magazine Editing – John Morrish
How to Write and Publish a Scientific Paper – Day Robert
Editing for Print – Geoffery Rogers
The Technique of Clear Writing – Robert Gunning
Newsman’s English – Horald Evans
How to Write, Speak and Think more Effectively – Rudolf Fleshch
Writing for the Mass Media – James Glen Stovall
Effective Feature Writing – H F Harrington and Clime Scott Watson
Beyond the Facts:  A Guide to the Art of Feature Writing – Louis Alexander
Freelancing – P R Murthy
Suddiyeshte Alla – Niranjana Vanalli
How to be a Freelance Journalist ? – Christine Hall
Talebaraha (Headline) Kannada – P M Vishveswara Bhat, Karnataka Press Academy
Creative editing – Dorothy a Bowles and Diane L Borden

Paper 3.2 (c) – Business Journalism (Optional)

Introduction, Nature, Scope; The growth of Business Journalism, Professional Requirements of Business Journalist.
Information Source for Business Journalism, Analysis of Annual Reports of Business Organizations, Government Agencies, Reports of National and International Organizations, RBI & World Bank Bulletin.
Editing & Publishing Business Journals – Characteristics of Business Journals, Qualities of Effective Business Articles, Techniques of Preparing Business Letters, Features.  Annual Reports & Interviewing Business Personalities. 
Major Business Journals & Their Unique Features – Economic Times, Business line, Business Time, Stock Market Report in General Dailies, The Commerce, Business India, Harvard Business Review (America), Wall Street Journal.
Changing Business Journalism in the Global Business Scenario, Ethics & Social Responsibilities in Business Journalism. 

Books for Reference:

• Business Communication Theory – Tole and Chandragadkar
• Financial and Economic Journalism – Kirsch Donald
• How to Excel in Business Journalism – Venkateshwaran
• The New Pal grave – A Dictionary of Economics – John Eatwell
• Human Relations in Management – Heckmann
• Management:  Tasks, Responsibilities and Practices – Drucker
• Business Communication:  A Management Perspective – Keval J Kumar, Bombay MMC, 1990
• Communication in Business – Peter Little, Longman, 1977

Paper 3.3 – Communication Research Methods

• Nature and Meaning of Research – Types of Research – Pure and Applied – Types of Communication Research – Print and Electronic Media Research.
• Review of Related Literature – Defining Research Problem – Research Objectives – Hypothesis, Meaning, Characteristics and Importance – Research Design – Sampling: Meaning & Types of Sampling, Probability & Non-Probability – Types of Probability Sampling.  
• Types of Research- Survey Research, Content Analysis, historical Research, Experimental Research, Ratings Research, Non-Ratings Research, Field Study.
• Data Collection – Questionnaire, Interview Guide, Observation Methods, Rating Scales. 
• Data Analysis – Statistical Analysis – Use of Pre-Programmes Computer packages for Analysis – SPSS, Writing Research Reports, Organization, Use of Graphics & Visual Material.   

Books for reference:

• Scientific Social Surveys and Research – Pauline V Young
• Research:  An Introduction – Robert Ross
• Sociological Research Methods – William J Good, Paul K Gat
• Research in Education – John H Best, James V Than
• Experimental Design in Behavioral Research – K D Broota
• Research Methodology Methods Techniques – C R Kothari
• Social Statistics – Bubert M Blalock Jr.
• Behavioral research – Fred N Kerlinger
• TV Kheda – A Social Evaluation of SITE – Aggarwal and Malik
• Mass Media and Rural development:  A Study of Village Communication in Bihar – A K Singh
• Research and Communication Management – V P Micheal
• Communication Research for Development – The ISRO Experience – Joshi Aggarwal
• Qualitative Communication Research Methods – Thomas R Linglog
• Media Analysis Techniques – Arthur Asa Berger

Paper 3.4 – Radio and TV Journalism

• Origin and Development of Radio and TV Broadcasting in India – Organization – Structure of All India Radio and Doordarshan
• Writing for Radio – News, Current Affairs, Interview – News Writing Script and Sound bytes – Qualification, Functions and Principles of Newsreporting by Reporters and Correspondents of Radio and TV. 
• Writing for TV – News, Current Affairs, Interview – News Writing Script, Visual Treatment and Sound bytes.
• Reporting Political News, Sports News and Business News for Radio and TV – Budget for Radio and TV – Scripting, Principles, Types and Techniques.  Weather News Bulletins for Radio and TV.
• News Reading for Radio: Techniques – Principles – Speech Modulation – Pronunciation – News Presentation for TV: Techniques – Principles – Speech Modulation, Anchoring, Visual Appearance, Speech Delivery, Pronunciation – Production Techniques of Radio and TV News, Currant Affairs and Interview based Programmes – Teleprompter. 

Books for Reference:

• Audio Visual Journalism – B M Ahuja
• Indian Broadcasting – H R Luthra
• Broadcast News Writing – G Paul Smeyak
• Broadcasting and the People – Mehra Masani
•  Broadcast Journalism – Techniques of Radio and TV – Boyd
• Scripting for the New Audio-Visual Technologies – Swain and Swain
• Broadcasting in India – P C Chatterjee
• The Technique of Radio Production – Mc Leish
• The Technique of TV Production – Gerald B Millerson
• TV Production Handbook – Zetti
• Crafting – The News for Electronic Media – Writing, Reporting and Producing – Hausman
• Television Production – Alan Wurtzel
• Radio and TV Journalism – K M Srivastava
• This is All India Radio – P C Chaterjee
• Broadcast News Writing, Reporting & Production – Ted White
• Broadcast Journalism – S C Bhatt
• Writing News for Broadcasr – E Bliss & John Peterson

Paper 3.5 – Practicals (Papers 3.2, 3.4 & Published Journalistic Works)

Practical Syllabus for Paper 3.2 (a) – Film Appreciation  (Marks 30 + 10)

• Writing Film Reviews
• Interviewing Film Personalities
• Writing Articles on Film Subjects
• Visiting Film Institutions & Film Study Centers & Studios

Practical Syllabus for Paper 3.2 (b) – Magazine Journalism (Marks 30 + 10)

Magazines Page Makeup / Designing
Analyzing Magazine Content
Magazine Editorials
Writing Travelogues for Magazines
Rewriting Magazine Articles
Designing Cover Page of Magazines

Practical Syllabus for Paper 3.2 (c) - Business Journalism (Marks 30 + 10)
Business Article
Business News Reports
Business Features
Profile of Business Personalities / Institutions
Analysis of Business News
Designing Business Supplements

Practical Syllabus for Paper 3.4 – Radio and TV Journalism (Marks 30 + 10)

Preparing Radio News Report Scripts
Preparing TV News Report Scripts
Conducting Radio Interviews
Conducting TV Interviews
Script Writing for Special Audience Programmes
Production of Radio News
Production of TV News

Practical Syllabus (Marks 20)
Published Journalistic Works consisting of News Reports, Articles, Features and Photographs excluding poems, short stories and letters to the editor in any newspaper and magazine during I, II & III Semesters.

SEMESTER – IV

PAPER 4.1 – Media and Information Technology

• Information Technology and Media- Print Media – Electronic Media – Information Society – Introduction to Information Technology – Data, Instruction, Information Properties, Scope of Information Properties, – Information Economics, Cost and Value of Information – Types of Information System.
• Introduction to Computers – Hardware and Operations – Computer and Newspaper Production – Reporting, Editing, Pagination and Printing.
• Software for Newspaper Production, Internet – DTP, PageMaker, Ventura, Baraha, Srilipi, Nudi, Prakashak.
• Web Journalism – Nature, Scope, Techniques of Web Writing, Illustrations and Web Designing, Language, Presentation and Multimedia.
• Web Glossary, Laws and Ethics related to Cyber Medium.

Books for Reference:
Desktop Computing Workbook – Paul Martin Lester – Wordsworth Publishing
Cyber Lines – Language and Culture of the Internet – Donna Gibbs and Others
Internet Advertising – New Media, New Models – Eric James, Karson
The Communication Revolution – Britannise
Challenges to the Network – Telecommunication and the Internet – ITU – Geneva
Cyber Futures:  Culture and Politics in the Information Super-Highway – Ziauddin Sardar and Revetz R Jermme
 Development and the Information Age:  Four Global Scenario for ht Future of Information and Communication Technology – John Hawkins and Robert Valentine
Virtual Realism – Michael Heim
Knowledge, Societies, Information Technology for Sustainable Development – Robin Mansell
 The Governance of Cyber Space:  Policies, Technology and Global Re-structuring – Brain D Loader
Internet Culture – David Potter
Media Technology and Society: A History from the Telegraph to the Internet – Reutledge
An Introduction to Digital Media – Tony Feldman
Online Electronic Publishing:  How to start – FEIG, Paris
Information and Communication Technologies:  Visions and Realities – Williams H Dutton
Paper 4.2 (a) – Dissertation (Optional)

            The student who opts for Dissertation has to take up a small research study and submit the research report.  The viva-voce will be held at the end of the semester.

Paper 4.2 (b) – Printing Technology (Optional)

Introduction – Nature, Origin and Development of Typography – Elements of Typography.
Typesetting – Manual, Mechanical and Photo Typesetting; Line and Halftone Photography; Relief Plate making; Image Assembly Procedures.
Book and Display composition – Copy Preparation, Proof reading – Typographic Layouts – Photo Typesetting and Paste-up – Color Separation Techniques, Camera, Scanner, Plate making Techniques.
Printing – Different Types of Press; Letter Press, Lithography, Gravure; Screen Process – Other Printing Process – Press Work – Paper, Ink.
Finishing and Conversion – Book Binding – Computers in Print – Present Trends in Printing Technology.

Books for Reference:

• Annuals of Printing – W T Berry and H E Poole
• The Printing Industry – Victor Struss
• Methods of Book Design – Huge Williamson
• Modern Trends in Printing – Peter Gibson
• Printing by Letter Press – E A D Hutchings
• Beginner’s Book of Screen Process Printing – W Clemence
• Photo Setting – Andrew Bluhen
• Typographic Design – Raymond Roberts
• An Introduction to Typography – Oliver Simon
• Computer Peripherals and Type Setting – Arthur Phillips
• Printing Ink Manual – F A Askew
• The Nature of Paper and Board – F H Norris

Paper 4.2 (c) – Development Communication (Optional)

Definition- nature and concept of development – old and new paradigm of development – Indian concept of development – characteristics of developing societies; gap between developed and developing societies.
Development communication – definition, origin – development of the concept of development communication – role of media in development communication – strategies in development communication – case studies and experience.
Indian development efforts – five year plans – first generation economic reforms – second-generation economic reforms – development communication efforts and effects.
Development communication planning strategies and action plans – decentralization, panchayat raj institutions and communication. Problems faced by governmental and non-governmental agencies in development communication – diffusion of innovation,  models in agricultural communication – case studies of communication support to agriculture.
Writing development stories in areas like family welfare – health – education – environment and development. Writing development messages for rural audience; specific requirements for writing development stories for media like newspapers, magazines radio and television.

Books for Reference:
               1.   Communication for development in third world – Srinivas R. Melkata
               2.   India’s information revolution – M. Rogers and Ana Aravind Singhlal.
Design and development message – Bella Modi.
Development commercial – Uma Navula.
Interdependent development – Naoold Brookfield.
Definition of innovations – Everest M Roger.
Folk media for development – N. Usha Rani.
Community Radio – M. Abdul Rehaman Pasha
The enghtenth elephant – Ishwar Daitota

Paper 4.2 (d) – Environmental & Agricultural Journalism (Optional)

Definition, Nature, Scope of Ecology; Factors affecting Ecology; Importance of Environment; Environmental Movements; Environmental Programmes of Government and Non-Government Organizations.
Environmental Journalism, Environmental Reporting for Print, Electronic and New Media; Environmental News Sources; Media and Environmental Movement – Advocacy in Environmental Reporting – Personalities in Environment Movement.
Meaning, Nature and Scope of Agriculture Journalism; Media and Green Revolution; Media and Agriculture; Role and Significance of Media in Agrarian Society; Status of Agriculture Journalism in India.
Agricultural Media Reporting; Interviews; Articles; Agriculture Movements in India.
Impact of Globalization, Liberalization and Privatization on Environment and Agriculture; Government Policies on Environment and Agriculture; Environment and Agricultural Magazines in India.

Book for Reference

Environmentalism – Global History                                        Ramachandra Guha
Mass media & Rural Development                                         Arvind K Singha
Environmental Concerns & Strategies                                   T N Khosho
Global Environmental Crisis & Management                          G N Khanna
Ecological History of India                                                       Ramachandra Guha
Environmentalism & Mass Media                                           Chapmann & Others
Language Use in Mass Media                                                 Arekianathan

Paper 4.3 – Inter-Cultural Communication

Culture: Definition, Process, Culture as a Social Institution – Value Systems; Primary & Secondary, Easter & Western perspectives.
Inter-Cultural Communication – Definition, Process, Philosophical & Functional Dimensions – Cultural Symbols in Verbal & Non-Verbal Communication.
Modern Mass Media as Vehicles of Inter-Cultural Communication – Barriers – Religious, Political & Economic Pressure – Conflicts.
Impact of New-Technologies on Culture – Globalization Effects on Culture and Communication.  Mass Media as a Culture Manufacturing Industry.   Mass Media as a Cultural Institution – Typologies, Criticisms & Justification.
Culture – Communication & Folk Media – Character – Context & Functions – Dance & Music as Instrument of Inter-Cultural Communication; UNESCO’s Efforts in the Promotion of Inter-Cultural Communication – Other Organization – Code of Ethics.

Book for Reference

• Culture & Communication – A World View             K S Sitaram
• Hand of Inter-Cultural Communication                    Asante
• An Outlines of Indian Philosophy                             Hiriyanna
• Culture, Communication & Social Change             P Joshi
• The Effects if Mass Communication                       Joseph Klapper
• Mass Culture, Language & Arts in India                  M L Apte
• Media, Culture & Communication                            S Banerjee
• Media, Culture & Society – A Critical Reader          R Collins
• Folk Music & Mass Media – Shayam Parmer
  

Paper 4.4 – Radio and TV Programme Production Techniques

Radio – Nature and Characteristics of Radio Broadcasting, Radio Programme Production – Structure and Operation of Broadcast Studio.
Nature of Sound – Sound Recording – Microphones – Types of Audio Tapes – Recorders – Process of Radio Programme Production – Use of Voice, Script, Sound Effects, Editing.
Production of Radio News, Talks, Interviews, Discussions, Plays, Music.
TV – Nature and Characteristics of TV Broadcasting – TV Programme Production – Structure and Organization of TV Studio, TV Programme Production, Sages of Production – TV Crew
TV Camera – Types, Functions and Operations – Lighting, Sound – TV Post Production Techniques – Editing, Producing TV Programmes – News, Documentary, Interview.

Books for Reference:

• Radio: A Guide to Broadcasting Techniques – E Evans
• Hand Book of Broadcasting – Waldo Abbot and R Rider (McGraw Hill)
• Techniques to TV Production – Rudy Bretz (McGraw Hill)
• Broadcasting and the People =- Mehra Massani (NBT)
• Video Production Handbook – Miller (Focal Press)
• Working with Video:  A Comprehensive Guide to the World of Video Production – Winston Brian and Julta Kevdal
• Basic TV Staging – Millerson Gerald (Focal Press)
• Video Camera Techniques – Millerson Gerald (Focal Press)
• TV Sound Operations – Glyn Alkin
• Sound Techniques for Video- TV Media Manual Series (Focal Press)
• The Moving Image:  Production Principles as Practices – Foresman Company
• Understanding TV – Prager
• Techniques of TV Production – Gerald Millerson
• TV Production Handbook – H Zettel
• Audio – Visual Journalism – B N Ahuja
• Writing for TV & Radio – Robert Hellard
• TV News – Fang L F
• TV Production – Allan Wurtzel
• Introduction to TV Journalism – S Kaushik

Paper 4.5 Practicals (Practicals for Papers 4.1 and 4.4)

Practical Syllabus for Paper 4.1 - Media and Information Technology (Marks 30 +10)

• Newspaper Page Design on Computer
• Magazine Page Design On Computer
• Photo Editing on Computer
• Write a Letter to the Editor and Send an E-Mail to the Editor
• Web Writing
• News Editing on Computer
• Web Search for Information to prepare reports
• Blogging 

Practical Syllabus for Paper 4.4 - Radio and TV Programme Production Techniques (Marks 30 +10)

Writing Radio Programme Script
Writing TV Programme Script
Producing a Radio News / Commercial / Interview / Documentary / Discussion / Talk / Play Programme
Producing a TV News/Commercial/Interview/Documentary/Discussion/Talk/Play Programme

Practical Syllabus
Practice Journal (Marks 20)

• Editing of ‘JIT Journal.
• Writing for  JIT Journal
• Pagination of ‘JIT’ Journal.
• Photo Editing.